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Gulistan is the administrative centre of Sirdarya region, formed in 1963 on site of small village Mirzachul – the major core of reclamation of steppes for cotton-plants. It was gradually transformed to a town owing to industrial and cultural development.

Present-day Gulistan is well-planned, greened and built up with well-organized houses. The industry of region mainly credits with progress of cotton-growing and reprocessing of local raw materials. The main sectors of agriculture are cotton-growing, horticulture, grain farming, vegetable farming and animal breeding. Furthermore, popular mirzachul melons with unusual sweetness and tantalizing aroma are grown here.